March 12, 2026
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) laws, which require manufacturers to finance and manage the end-of-life recycling and disposal of products such as packaging, have been growing across the United States. Currently, seven states—California, Colorado, Maine, Oregon, Minnesota, Maryland, and Washington, have passed EPR packaging laws, with several states considering similar legislation. This patchwork approach has created significant compliance challenges for producers operating nationwide.
Stakeholders increasingly recognize the need for harmonization across state programs. Industry groups and regulators are advocating for alignment on key elements such as producer definitions, material categories, and compliance frameworks so that companies can navigate the rules more efficiently and avoid thousands of interpretations.
At the same time, discussions have begun at the federal level about a national EPR framework. Frustration with the current situation is fueling conversation on Capitol Hill about a more uniform approach, though legislative action is not close.
Harmonization of EPR regulations would have a significant and largely positive impact on the corrugated industry, which already has a strong record of recycling performance.
Reduced compliance complexity and cost would be the most immediate benefit. Corrugated packaging producers and buyers often operate nationally, yet recovered materials, fee structures, reporting formats, and timelines vary by state. Harmonized rules—whether through aligned state programs or a federal framework—would allow companies to implement a single compliance strategy, streamline data collection, and reduce administrative overhead.
From a financial perspective, harmonization could lead to more predictable and equitable fee structures. We know well that corrugated boxes are highly recyclable, widely collected, and made primarily from recycled fiber. With harmonization, corrugated packaging would likely face lower EPR fees than less recyclable materials.
Overall, harmonization would reward corrugated’s strong recycling outcomes, reduce regulatory friction, and reinforce its role as the preferred sustainable packaging solution.
AICC, through partnership with the American Forest & Paper Association, represents members’ interests on EPR at both the state and federal levels and communicates relevant developments via AICC publications and at the AICC website, www.AICCbox.org.
Eric Elgin is owner of Oklahoma Interpak and chairman of AICC’s government affairs subcommittee. He can be reached at 918-687-1681 or eric@okinterpak.com.
